1. Commitment-contract: both client and therapist become aware of the problem that can be solved.
2. Process-decision: both the therapist and the client work to produce a change (re-parenting).
3. Change-integration: the client practises the new behaviour by thinking or feeling it until it becomes automatic.
4. Termination or re-engagement: the therapist encourage the client to continue and improve-termination without abandoment.